FORMATION AND METABOLISM OF SUGAR METABOLITES, GLYOXAL AND METHYLGLYOXAL, AND THEIR MOLECULAR CYTOTOXIC MECHANISMS IN ISOLATED RAT HEPATOCYTES By

....................................................................................................................... ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................. iii TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................... iv LIST OF PUBLICATION AND ABSTRACTS ................................................................ v LIST OF TABLES............................................................................................................. vi LIST OF FIGURES .......................................................................................................... vii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS............................................................................................ vi CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION ................................................................... 1 CHAPTER 2: MATERIALS AND METHODS .............................................................. 25 CHAPTER 3: DIFFERENCES IN GLYOXAL AND METHYLGLYOXAL METABOLISM DETERMINE CELLULAR SUSCEPTIBILITY TO PROTEIN CARBONYLATION AND CYTOTOXICITY................................................................ 32 CHAPTER 4: CYTOTOXIC MOLECULAR MECHANISMS AND CYTOPROTECTION BY ENZYMIC METABOLISM OR AUTOXIDATION FOR GLYCERALDEHYDE, HYDROXYPYRUVATE AND GLYCOLALDEHYDE......... 51 CHAPTER 5: SUMMARY, LIMITATIONS & FUTURE PERSPECTIVE ................... 68 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 76